muscloskeletal system

Bones

The body’s bones, muscles, and joints compose of the muscloskeletal system.
There are 206 bones
Bones give us our posture, protects our organs, stores Ca+ and produce blood cells
Bones contain red marrow that produces blood cells & yellow marrow composed mostly of fat.
There are 2 types of bone tissue: compact & Spongy
Compact:
Which is hard & dense and make up the shaft & outer layers
Spongy:
Contains numerous spaces & mak up the ends and centers
of the bones.
Skeletal Muscles

Three types of muscles: Skeletal Smooth & Cardiac
There are 650 skeletal/voluntary muscles
Fasciculi muscle fiber are long muscles that are arranged together in bundles and joined by connective tissue
Skeletal muscles are attach to bones by a strong fibrous cords know as TENDONS
Our muscles help produce body heat, posture, and help in moment.
Joints

This is the place where 2 or more bones meet.
Joints provide a variety of ROM
They are classified as: FIBROUS, CARTILAGINOUS OR SYNOVIAL
Fibrous joints are the sutures between skull bones and are immovable
Synovial joints permit the greatest degree of flexibility and have the ends of bones covered with a connective tissue filled with synovial fluid example: hip, shoulders, wrists, knees, and ankles
synovial fluid lubricates the joint and prevents the two cartilage caps on the bones from rubbing together and promotes a sliding movement at the ends of the bones. Bursae are small sacs filled with synovial fluid that reduce friction in the joint. The knee joint contains 13 bursae Joints of the human body
The outer surface of the synovial joints contains ligaments that strengthen joints and hold bones in position. The inner surface (the synovial membrane) has cells producing

ASSESMENT

History of present health concerns
Has the client gained wt. This increases physical stress and strain on the musculoskeletal
Ask if they have pain and if so when does it begin. when they noticed the pain. Ask how long it last, and if they have noticed any stiffness swelling limitations of moment
Bone pain is dull deep and throbbing
Joint or muscle pain is described as sharp knifelike pain this occurs in fx
Motion increases pain mostly seen with rheumatoid arthritis
CLIENTS WHO HAVE DM SICKLE CELL ANEMIA OR LUPUS HAVE RISKS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MUSCLESKELETAL PROBLEMS

ISPECTION:
Observe gait is the client moments coordinated and rhythmic
And arms swinging in opposition
Is everything symmetrical?
CURVATURES OF THE SPINE SWEELING OF JOINTS OR

IS the Posture erect….this will help detect abnormal moments
And postures.
SHOW PICTURE OF SPINAL CURVAURES
PALPATE:
When assessing the muscloskeletal body you want to see or feel for bony
Overgrowth, swelling, or redness . NO TENDRENESS SHOULD BE PRESENT.
Check for strength, grip, and warmth of ext.